NLP is the AI field that lets computers understand, analyse, and generate human language. Core tasks: Sentiment analysis (is the text positive/negative/neutral?), Named Entity Recognition — NER (extracting names, places, organisations), Text classification, Machine translation, Question answering, Text summarisation.
BERT (Google, 2018) is a bidirectional transformer that understands context from both directions. The GPT family is generative — it creates text. SpaCy and NLTK are Python NLP libraries. NLP resources for Uzbek are still limited — this area is still developing. Sentiment analysis is actively applied to ad, review, and social media analysis.
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