Cloud computing is on-demand access to computing resources (servers, storage, network) over the internet. Three service models: IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service — virtual servers and networks, AWS EC2), PaaS (Platform as a Service — development environment, Heroku), SaaS (Software as a Service — ready-made software, Gmail). Deployment models: Public, Private, Hybrid Cloud.
AWS leads with 32% market share and the widest range of services. Azure integrates with the Microsoft ecosystem and dominates enterprise. GCP excels in data analytics and ML. Advantages: converting capital expenses to operational, auto-scaling, global infrastructure, pay-as-you-go. Disadvantages: vendor lock-in, unexpected costs, latency (geographic distance).
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